Chang Bunker and Eng Bunker, born on May 11, 1811, and passing away on January 17, 1874, were conjoined twin brothers of Siamese and Chinese descent. Their extraordinary lives propelled the term “Siamese twins” to become synonymous with conjoined twins in general. They became widely exhibited as curiosities, garnering significant attention as “two of the most extensively studied individuals of the nineteenth century.”

Originating from Siam (now Thailand), the brothers were brought to the United States in 1829. They quickly gained recognition among American and European audiences through their appearances in “freak shows,” where they were examined by physicians. Initially, newspapers and the public showed sympathy towards them. Within three years, they broke free from their managers, whom they believed were mistreating them, and embarked on independent tours. During early exhibitions, they were presented as exotic figures highlighting their athleticism. As time went on, they transitioned to more dignified settings, engaging in conversations in English within elegant parlors.

In 1839, after a decade of financial success, the twins retired from touring and settled near Mount Airy, North Carolina. They became naturalized American citizens, purchased slaves, and married local sisters. Together, they fathered 21 children, with some accompanying them on their later tours. Chang and Eng lived in separate houses, alternating their stays every three days. Following the Civil War, they experienced a decline in their wealth and lost their slaves. Eng passed away hours after Chang, both at the age of 62. An autopsy revealed that their livers were fused at the ligament connecting their sternums.